What system is composed of three-axis sensors providing heading, attitude, and yaw information for aircraft, replacing traditional gyroscopic instruments?

The attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) is the correct response because it is specifically designed to provide critical flight data, including heading, attitude, and yaw information, using advanced sensors such as accelerometers and magnetometers. This system effectively replaces traditional gyroscopic instruments by leveraging solid-state technology that is more reliable, accurate, and less susceptible to errors associated with mechanical gyroscopes.

AHRS continuously monitors the aircraft's orientation in three-dimensional space, making it essential for pilots during instrument flying when visual references are minimal. The accurate data provided by AHRS supports a range of avionics functions, ensuring safer navigation and more precise control of the aircraft.

In contrast, the electronic flight instrument system (EFIS) integrates a variety of flight information displays, but it does not directly replace gyroscopic instruments. The global positioning system (GPS) primarily focuses on providing location information rather than precise attitude or yaw data. A digital autopilot system is designed to control the aircraft's flight automatically, but it relies on data provided by systems like AHRS to function effectively. Therefore, AHRS stands out as the system tasked specifically with the role described in the question.